Method of cleansing human hair



' Nov. 24, .1931. N. SANDOR 1,833,538

METHOD OF CLEANSING HUMAN HAIR Original Filed Nov. 6 1928 Fle.2.

reamed Nov. 24, rest NIKOLA'US SANDOR, OF LONDON, ENGLAND METHOD OF CLEANSING- HU HAIR tontinuation of application Serial No. 317,578, filed November 6, 1928, and. in Great Britain March 6,

i 1929. This application filed February 21, 1930. Serial No. 430,377.

The subject of the present invention is a substance for shampooing the human hair consisting of a simple aqueoussolution of saponin in so fine a state of aerat1on1n oth- 5 erwords in the form of such fine .bubbled foam that it will persist unchanged over long periods until required by the user and is a continuation of my prior application Serial Number 317,578, filed November 6, 1928.

A foam suitable for shampooing should contain up to about 90% of air or gas and up to of water with a minute quantity of saponin namely about 0.1%. The foam may therefore be considered as dry. The-foam gives no reaction to litmus.

For the purpose of washing the hair it is rubbed with foam produced;preferably from warm foam forming liquid. The water contained' inthe foam exerts a dirt dissolving action without attacking the skin ofthe head or completely removing the oil from the hair, the detergent action being assisted by the an or the gas by oxidation of the particles of dlrt and the. gas, for example, oxygen, producing a disinfecting action.

The detergent property of foam is mechanical and not chemical and only a fine bubbled foam such as can be produced by apparatus such as hereinafter described possesses the properties re uired, the ordinary 1 coarse bubbled foam su h as is formed in making a lather; of soap not possessing the properties.- At a certain degree of fineness a differentiation of the properties sets in.

The criteria of the degree of fineness of the foam are v (1) That it will persist for hours and p (2) Its required cleansing effect. 1 By rubbing the hair and scalp with the not increased as in washing with soap; the air bubbles burst and the remaining liquid flows ofi taking with it the dissolved dirt. 'lhe hair may then be dried in known manner 9 Fig. 1 showing an apparatus suitablefor hands or a brush the foam is destroyed and use in a hairdressing establishment and Fig. 2a portable form of apparatus. i Referring to Fig. 1 1 indicates anopen vessel on the bottom of which is disposed an air distributor consistitng of wood blocks 2 arranged in rows with interposed packing on perforated tubes 3. r The tubes 3 are connected by pipes 4 with a small air pump 5 driven by an electric motor 6. f v

The container lis filled with foam forming medium 7 consisting of an aqueous solution of saponin to a level sufiicient to cover completely the air distributing blocks 2.

When the pump 5' is started-the compressed air is forced through the pipe 4, the tube 3 and the pores of the wood blocks 2 into the. foam forming medium.- The air rises in the foam-forming medium and forms above the level of the liquid a fine bubbled foam 8 which is removed from the distributor as required and replaced by further foam. The foam formed will persist for several hours.

In the portable arrangement shown in Fig. 2 the distributor 9 is located at the bottom of a closed container 10, air beingblown through the tube 11, 12 by a rubber ball 13 in known manner. An air or oxygen cylinder might, however, also be used. The foam formed fills the space above the liquid and passes through the tube 15 mounted in the cover of the congainer 10 into the atmosphere.

i The cam 16 may accumulate in the con- D tainer and be taken from this as required and applied direct to the hair. For the latter purpose'thecontainer 1 may be provided as shown-with-a handle 17 so that the apparatus may be held with one hand above the head while the rubber ball 13 is pressed with the other hand in order to eject the foam onto the head. A filling cap 18 permits of refilling the container. a

The foam being neutral'has no deleterious effect on the hair.

On the other hand, as has now been shown by microscopic examination, alkaline washing agents such as soap and the like have a dissolving action on the hair and every time the hair is'washed with such agents,,a'portionthereof is dissolved away and is only re-- placed by the natural growth of the hair.

Such agents also cause the pores of the scalp to contract and retard stimulation of the various glands located within the scalp. Such contraction of the pores further prevents the cleansing agent from reaching the dirt and body excretions contained in the pores, while if the pores are left in their natural 0 dition, the minute bubbles can be wor ed into the pores where they will burst and form an emulsion with and cause the removal of such dirt and body excretions.

I claim:

A method of cleansing the scalp and hair which comprises rubbing the hair and scalp with a neutral foam formed from a gas and an aqueous solution comprising essentially saponin and Water.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

NIKOLAUS SANDOR.

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